Recent Advancements in Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into eco-friendly and clean products is a promising approach to eradicate pollution. Although carbon dioxide emission is inhibited by the advent of renewable sources of energy, it is present in the atmosphere and needs to be cleaned. The reduction of carbon dioxide from atmospheric gases can be accomplished by its adsorption and subsequent transportation to electrolytic chambers, where it is reduced to hydrocarbons, organic acids or carbonates. This review focuses on developing a three compartment electrochemical cell to reduce carbon dioxide used as a catholyte. Various factors affecting the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide and recent advancements in this field are deliberated

An iterative method based FLC-SLM system design for forming multiple complex structures simultaneously in 3D volume with tissue

Complex structure formation and fast focusing of light inside or through turbid media is a challenging task due to refractive index heterogeneity, random light scattering and speckle noise formation. Here, we have proposed a weighted-mutation assisted genetic algorithm (WMA-GA) with an R-squared metric based fitness function that advances the contrast, resolution, focuses light tightly and does fast convergence for both simple and complex structure formation through the scattering media. As a compatible system with the binary WMA-GA, we have presented a fast, cost-effective, and robust iterative wavefront shaping system design with an affordable ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) based binary-phase spatial light modulator (SLM). The proposed wavefront shaping system design has been used to construct multiple complex hetero-structures simultaneously in 3D volume by an optimized single phase-mask. The WMA-GA and the prototype system have been validated with 120, 220, 450, and 600 grit ground glass diffusers along with 323, 588, and 852 {\mu}m thick fresh chicken tissues including fluorescence in it. We have demonstrated the robustness of the proposed method to control the photon-in and photon-out from a localized fluorescent dye embedded in the tissue. The detailed results show that the proposed class of algorithm-backed integrated system converges fast with higher contrast and advances the resolution.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figure

The Detrimental Effect of Rainfall on Performance and Stability Characteristics of Aircrafts-A Comprehensive Review

The rapidly growing global market demands faster transit of human beings and goods even in unfavorable weather conditions of rainfall. The paper gives an overview of rain research methodologies, mathematical models to track raindrops in the flow field. The paper depicts the havoc rainfall causes on performance characteristics for various phases of flight in terms of evaluation of CL and CD and dynamic performance parameters such as short period mode. The knowledge obtained by this review paper could help designers to modify the design of aircraft such that it has better performance, stability, and control characteristics for all weather conditions

Antibacterial activity of green tea (Camellia sinensis) extracts against various bacteria isolated from environmental sources

Tea is cultivated in many countries of the world. India is largest tea (black tea) producer in world followed by Japan (green tea) and China. In the present study Camellia assamica (Green tea) leaves extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against various bacteria isolated from environmental sources. Different bacteria were isolated from sewage samples collected from different places at Solan Himachal Pradesh. Isolated bacteria were identified by Gram staining and biochemical tests. A total of six bacteria were identified at Department of Microbiology at SILB Solan (H.P) Green tea leaves extracts were tested for antibacterial activity. Tea leaves were collected from Palampur, Himachal Pradesh. Three different extracts were prepared by using standardized protocols. All the extracts were tested for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method. Antibacterial assay was performed at 10µl, 20µl, and 30µl concentrations. Significant antibacterial activity was reported for all extracts with results. Aqueous extracts has shown little antibacterial activity against six bacteria isolated. Maximum antibacterial activity was found in methanolic extracts. Our study reflects the chemotherapeutic use of green tea.  Â

Development in building fire detection and evacuation system-a comprehensive review

Fire is both beneficial to man and his environment as well as destructive and deadly among all the natural disasters. A fire Accident occurs very rarely, but once it crops up its consequences will be devastating. The early detection of fire will help to avoid further consequences and saves the life of people. During the fire accidents, it is also important to guide people within the building to exit safely. Because of this, the paper gives a review of literature related to recent advancements in building fire detection and emergency evacuation system. It is intended to provide details about fire simulation tools with features, suitable hardware, communication methods, and effective user interface

Olbrzymi tętniak obejmujący kilka tętnic wieńcowych, w tym pień tętnicy wieńcowej lewej, powodujący objawy ostrego zespołu wieńcowego u 23-letniego chorego: nietypowe powikłanie choroby Kawasaki

The reported incidence of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) on angiography varies between 0.3 to 5.3%. Right coronary artery is the most commonly affected followed by left circumflex or left anterior descending artery. Three-vessel or left main involvement is exceedingly rare. Atherosclerosis accounts for the vast majority of CAAs in adults, whereas Kawasaki disease is responsible for most cases in children. We report a rare case of Kawasaki disease associated with giant aneurysms ( > 8 mm) in coronary circulation, including left main coronary artery in 23-year-old male having maturity onset diabetes (MODY), who presented with acute coronary syndrome.The reported incidence of coronary artery aneurysms (CAA) on angiography varies between 0.3 to 5.3%. Right coronary artery is the most commonly affected followed by left circumflex or left anterior descending artery. Three-vessel or left main involvement is exceedingly rare. Atherosclerosis accounts for the vast majority of CAAs in adults, whereas Kawasaki disease is responsible for most cases in children. We report a rare case of Kawasaki disease associated with giant aneurysms ( > 8 mm) in coronary circulation, including left main coronary artery in 23-year-old male having maturity onset diabetes (MODY), who presented with acute coronary syndrome

Acute dislocation of fully deployed stent after use of non-compliant balloon: an enigma

Stent embolism is an established but rare complication of percutaneous coronary intervention, usually encountered when an undeployed stent unintentionally dislocates from the balloon. Published literature regarding incidence or clinical outcomes of embolism of fully deployed coronary stents is sparse. Here we report an unusual case of a 41-year-old male who had dislocation of a fully deployed stent into the distal part of left anterior descending artery following post dilatation by non-compliant balloon during percutaneous coronary intervention

Modified chitosan hydrogels as drug delivery and tissue engineering systems: present status and applications

AbstractChitosan, a natural cationic polysaccharide, is prepared industrially by the hydrolysis of the aminoacetyl groups of chitin, a naturally available marine polymer. Chitosan is a non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable polymer and has attracted considerable interest in a wide range of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications including drug delivery, cosmetics, and tissue engineering. The primary hydroxyl and amine groups located on the backbone of chitosan are responsible for the reactivity of the polymer and also act as sites for chemical modification. However, chitosan has certain limitations for use in controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. These limitations can be overcome by chemical modification. Thus, modified chitosan hydrogels have gained importance in current research on drug delivery and tissue engineering systems. This paper reviews the general properties of chitosan, various methods of modification, and applications of modified chitosan hydrogels